Section 2

Used quite widely among the people, white-hoofed hybrid has recently attracted more and more interest in scientific medicine. The study of rhizomes showed that they contain saponins (about 8%), tannins (about 5%), essential oil, flavonoids, resins, alkaloids. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons with a strong antispasmodic effect have been isolated from the rhizomes of white hoofed hybrid. They also contain inulin, but no starch. The presence of manganese (especially in the leaves) in the plant of whitebush hybrid manganese was also found. In experiments, it was shown that extracts from rhizomes of whitebuckthorn hybrid have hypotensive, antispasmodic and anticoagulant effects. So perhaps the glory of whitebush hybrid is yet to come. Currently, the leaves of white-hoofberry hybrid are included in various teas used to treat gastritis and gastric ulcers, as well as some malignant tumors.

Black elderberry has been known as a medicinal plant for a very long time. But in recent years, its popularity is gradually falling, although it is still used. Infusion of elderberry flowers - diaphoretic, anti-inflammatory (for colds, bronchitis) and diuretic. The main effect of elderberry cheronoy berries - a mild laxative and diaphoretic. Black elderberry bark is used as a diuretic. Infusion of flowers often gargle throat, use it to treat burns and wounds. Decoctions of all parts of black elderberry treat rheumatism, joint inflammation, gout, neuralgia, myositis. Sometimes for treatment recommended young leaves of black elderberry, they are scalded with milk and applied to places of burns and wounds. Elderberry preparations in the form of inhalation treat colds.

The range of uses of common verbeyne in folk medicine is quite wide. The stem, leaves and flowers are medicinal raw materials. Studies of the chemical composition of common verbein revealed in it flavonoids, phenolcarboxylic acids, anthocyanin, carbohydrates, vitamin C, and in rhizomes - saponins. Water and wine tinctures verbeinik ordinary recommended for gastrointestinal disorders, constipation, dysentery, hemoptysis and rheumatism. Fresh juice of the plant verbeinikoy used for scurvy and as an external remedy (for bruises, tumors, conjunctivitis and as a wound-healing). There are also known other uses of common verbeinik: for jaundice, liver diseases, convulsions. Verbeyne is a part of collections used for cystitis.

The medicinal raw material of gentian is a thick (up to 20 cm in diameter) rhizome. Glycosides are found in the roots and rhizomes, causing their bitter taste. There are two alkaloids in them, one of them is genzianin. Gentian yellow as a medicinal plant is known from ancient times. Back then. the roots and rhizomes of yellow gentian were used to treat plague, later (in the Middle Ages) - tuberculosis and malaria. Studies have established that the bitter substances of gentian herb stimulate secretion and motor function of the gastrointestinal tract, hence its use in loss of appetite, dyspepsia, achilia. Good gentian and as a choleretic, improving digestion and assimilation of food. The rhizome of this gentian is used in homeopathy, allopathic medicine and in veterinary medicine.

Folk medicine refers river gravilate to plants with astringent, anti-diarrheal properties. It is noted and styptic qualities of gravilate, used for hemorrhoidal bleeding. Used plant gravilate river also for malaria, insomnia, headache. Infusion of above-ground parts of river gravilat is used for periodontal disease, stomatitis, laryngitis, sore throat. Gravilate is also known as a food plant. Its fresh leaves are good in salads, soups, and roots and rhizomes - as a seasoning instead of cloves. They are used to make "clove water", which is added to kvass and beer. Drinks with this additive can resist souring. The stems of river gravel are used for tanning leather, and the rhizomes are used to produce a red-brown dye. Gravilate is an excellent mellifer and perganos. Gravel is not very good for fodder, but deer and beavers eat it well.

Elderberry has some value as a medicinal plant used in folk medicine. It contains a bouquet of chemical compounds (though not thick): alkaloids, saponins, tannins, starch. There are a number of macronutrients (calcium, magnesium, sodium, silicon) and trace elements (titanium, molybdenum, silver, vanadium, zinc) in blackhead simple. Used blackhead simple in the form of infusion of leaves (1:10 or 1:5), infusion of blackhead plant regulates blood pressure (increasing it), has a sedative effect on the central nervous system. In old herbalists indicated other properties of blackhead: the ability to relieve headaches, regulate poor sleep, reduce nervous excitability. There are recommendations for the use of blackhead plant and in gastrointestinal diseases and some heart diseases.