Section 5

Valeriana medicinalis is a perennial herbaceous plant of the valerian family (from the Latin word valere - to be healthy). The rhizome is short, upright, thick, hollow inside with numerous roots. The stem is erect, simple or branched in the upper part, cylindrical, hollow, furrowed, up to 200 cm high. Leaves are unpaired, suprotic, with 5 pairs of leaflets, lanceolate, entire or coarsely toothed. In domestic folk medicine practiced the use of valerian in the form of infusions, decoctions, extracts and powders for hysteria, migraine, heart pain, heart defects, chorea, epilepsy, nervous fatigue. Infusion of valerian root is shown in the menopause, with hot flashes, after prolonged illnesses as an appetite-improving and tonic.

Veronica medicinalis (veronica - from Latin verus - real, genuine, unicus - singular) is a perennial herbaceous plant of the norichnaceae family with a stalked branching stem. Branches are rooting, with raised tops. Leaves are short-petiolate, obovate, toothed, downy. In domestic folk medicine properties of veronica are used for pulmonary tuberculosis, coughs, bleeding, exhaustion, diarrhea, stomach ulcers, headache, menopause, as a choleretic, for diseases of the bladder, colds and externally for the treatment of wounds. Included veronica medicinal in the composition of breast tea.The herb is official in the medicine of Western Europe. The properties of veronica are used for phytorecepts.

The cultivated grape of the grape family is a deciduous but evergreen liana with long, nodular shoots climbing by means of tendrils. Leaves are regular, simple, toothed, mostly three to five-lobed. Flowers are numerous, small, greenish, five-lobed, in loose or dense panicles, often fragrant. The fruit has a cultured grape juicy. In domestic folk medicine treatment with grapes is used as an antipyretic and antipyretic, for kidney disease, kidney stone disease, stones in the liver and gallbladder, hemorrhoids.Upland kidney (kidney grass) - an annual plant of the buckwheat family with a simple or weakly branched stem height of 30-60 cm, with bloated nodes. Leaves are broadly lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, alternate, more often sessile, the lower ones on petioles, almost always with a brown spot in the middle. The herb contains tannins, rutin, phlobaphenes, quercetin, traces of essential oil, mucus, sugars, ascorbic acid, gallic, acetic and butyric acids.

Devyasil high (wild sunflower from Latin inula - sun) is a perennial herbaceous plant from the family of complex flowers, with a yellow-brown, short, fleshy, multi-headed rhizome, with numerous thick roots up to 50 cm long. Rhizomes with roots are used, collected in the fall (October) and spring (April, May). The smell of elecampane high is aromatic: fresh smells like camphor, dried - violet, the taste is spicy, bitter.Treatment with elecampane is recommended for many ailments. The plant has diuretic, choleretic, expectorant and antimicrobial action. Properties of elecampane bactericidal and anthelmintic. Due to its anti-inflammatory action, elecampane preparations are an effective means of treating the gastrointestinal tract, as they help reduce the increased motor and secretory function of it, improve appetite.

Donnica medicinalis (from Greek meli - honey, lotus - flower) is a biennial herbaceous plant of the legume family, up to 1 m high. It is distributed throughout the European part of the former USSR (except for the Far North and northeastern regions), in the Caucasus, Central Asia, Western Siberia, in forest-steppe and steppe zones. Used oblique tops of the herb of melilot with flowers, collected in the early flowering period. The odor of medicinal turfgrass has a pleasant, salty-bitter taste.Experimental and cynical studies have established that treatment with turfgrass affects the nervous system. Coumarin depresses the central nervous system, has anticonvulsant and narcotic effect. In patients with leukopenia on the basis of radiation therapy coumarin causes an increase in the number of leukocytes, mainly due to granulocytes, and to a lesser extent lymphocytes. In high doses, treatment with cumarin causes negative effects, namely nausea, vomiting, headache, has a paralyzing effect on smooth muscles.

The common oak (petiole oak) is a well-known large tree of the beech family, reaching 40-50 m in height with a trunk up to 2 m in diameter. Honey bee. Use the young smooth bark of oak without a cork layer on the outside and without wood residue on the inside, collected in early spring during the sap movement before the spread of leaves.Properties of oak are widely used in modern phytotherapy of different countries of the world. Properties of oak make it possible to make a decoction from the bark, which has astringent, anti-inflammatory and anti-rotting properties, based on the ability of tannins to seal tissue membranes. It is used in medicine for diarrhea, gastric and intestinal bleeding. Common dunnish is an annual herbaceous plant from the family of compound flowers. The stem is branched, grayish-green, short-haired, 20-80 cm high. In Chinese medicine, the plant is used internally as a remedy against goiter, as well as diaphoretic, antipyretic and sedative. Prescribe treatment with strawberry for rheumatism and colds. Dried crushed fruits and seeds are included in ointments for external use in some skin lesions.

Common oregano (from Latin oros-mountain, ganus - ornament; mountain ornament) is a perennial herbaceous plant from the family of sponges, 35-80 cm high, with a strong aromatic odor. Used oblique tops of the herb with flowers, collected in the early flowering period. The smell of oregano has an aromatic odor, the taste is bitter-spicy, slightly astringent, tart. Treatment with oregano in the form of infusion has a calming effect on the central nervous system, has expectorant effect, increasing appetite, improving digestion with insufficient secretion of gastric juice, choleretic, diaphoretic and other properties.Medicinal properties of oregano, which are included in the medicinal infusion of this herb is used as a means of stimulating gastric digestion, intestinal atony, spasms in the stomach, inflammation of the liver, jaundice, in acute and chronic bronchitis (as a means of increasing the secretion of bronchial glands).

Blackberry is a shrub of the Rosaceae family, 1-3 m high. It is distributed almost throughout the entire European part of the former USSR, except for the northwestern part, in Siberia, Central Asia, Crimea and the Caucasus. It is cultivated mainly in America as a food and ornamental plant. Grows blackberries in the wild along the banks of rivers, humid forests.Fresh berries are eaten. Useful properties of blackberries, like raspberries, have a thirst-quenching effect, easily tolerated not only by healthy people, but also by patients with chronic diarrhea. In raw and dried blackberries are used to make jam, pie filling, syrups, tinctures, soft drinks, jellies, pastilles and compotes.Foliage tops of blackberries, collected in the early flowering period, we use as an astringent in food toxic infections, dysentery and sometimes, by indication, with peptic ulcer and duodenal ulcer.

Common ginseng (root - man) is a perennial herbaceous plant, low (30-70 cm), reaching a great age (up to 100 years), from the Araliaceae family. In the wild, common ginseng grows in Primorsky Krai, Korea, China, cultivated in Korea, China, Japan, USSR (in China and Korea has been cultivated for more than 100 years).Roots of cultivated ginseng, collected in the fall in the 5th-6th year of life, are used. The smell is specific, the taste is sweet, burning, then bitter.Ginseng preparations have a wide range of therapeutic action, non-toxic. The use of ginseng can be prolonged. It is established that this root is the strongest exciter of the central nervous system, surpassing the action of a mixture of nroserin with phenamine, unlike the latter does not have a phase of action and negative consequences, does not disturb sleep, increases performance in the conditions of night wakefulness.

Mossy Larkspur is a perennial herbaceous plant of the spongy family. In scientific medicine, the plant is not used. In domestic folk medicine, the plant is used as an astringent, diuretic, styptic, anti-inflammatory and wound-healing agent. It is used as a mild remedy for lung diseases, bronchitis, as an expectorant, for chest pains. Joster laxative (laxative cherry) - a shrub or tree up to 8 m high, from the family of cherry trees with reddish-gray (or brown), shiny bark on young branches. Joster laxative is used in phytotherapy. Decoction, infusion of the fruit have mild laxative and antibacterial properties.St. John's wort - a perennial herbaceous plant from the St. John's wort family, height 30-60 cm. The active substances of St. John's wort have pronounced astringent and antimicrobial, styptic, anti-inflammatory and stimulating properties. According to animal experiments, infusion and extract from the plant are low toxic.