Common oleander
.Common oleander is a poisonous (!) tree or shrub. Provided with sturdy, straight, protruding branches. In our country it is cultivated as an ornamental plant on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus.
Leaves of oleander are numerous, leathery, narrow-lanceolate, 10-20 cm long and 2-3 cm wide, acuminate, sitting three in a whorl. The upper side of the leaves is dark green, slightly shiny, while the underside is light green. Common oleander blooms with large red, pink or white buds. The tree blooms in June and July.
For medicinal purposes, the leaves are harvested before the beginning of active growth or in the fall, after the growing season.
Common oleander in its composition contains glycosides that have a pronounced effect on the heart muscle.
Tincture prepared from oleander leaves is recommended to be taken for nervous exhaustion, weak memory, headache, insomnia, vomiting, flatulence, wet eczema, lichen planus, and heart failure.
Gray alder
.Gray alder is a tree distributed throughout the European part of the country and in Siberia.
It reaches a height of 5-15 m, occurs in wet summers, near water bodies with running water, along the banks of rivers and lakes, in floodplains of rivers, often forming continuous thickets - alder forests.
Alder bark is gray-brown, leaves are entire and ovate-elliptic, sticky. Flowers are unisexual, collected in earrings. The complex fruits, known as cones, overwinter on the plants and fall off in the second year after insemination.
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Gray alder is harvested for medicinal purposes. Bark of young trees before the beginning of leaf blossom; cones - in the fall or winter, after they turn black; leaves are consumed fresh. The finished raw material should not contain crumbled seed scales more than 3%, stems without cones - more than 3%, saplings with long (more than 1 cm) stems - more than 10% and other impurities. The shelf life of cones and bark is 4 years.
Gray alder, namely cones, bark and copalps contain tannins. The leaves contain glycosides, various acids. In addition, there are resins in the bark.
Infusions of crushed cones of alder used in colds, rheumatism. It's a mouthwash, a throatwash. As an anti-inflammatory agent infusions are used to treat burn wounds, as well as in rheumatism in the form of compresses, baths. Gray alder is used in folk medicine as an antiseptic agent. Tincture is used for colds, rheumatism. Crushed young leaves are applied to wounds and boils. Preparations from the cones, leaves and bark, in addition, have found use in the treatment of gout.
Walnut
.Walnut is a tree widely cultivated in the Caucasus and other southern regions of the country. Its height reaches 20 m and more, the bark of the tree is light gray, the crown is spreading, the leaves are petiolate, unpaired, up to 45 cm or more long, with 3-4 pairs of leaflets. Flowers are small, unsightly, unisexual, unisexual, staminate, collected in long hanging inflorescences - earrings up to 8-10 cm long, fruit is a false knuckle. The shell of the walnut is grayish-brown, woody. Walnut blooms in April and May.
In folk medicine, leaves are harvested during flowering; green pericarp - in August; fruits - after their ripening, in September.
Leaves contain glycosides, tannins, mineral salts, vitamin C, carotene, essential oil.
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Have antiseptic, tonic, tonic, tonic, tonic, astringent, mild laxative and anthelmintic action. They improve metabolism in skin diseases, resorb infiltrates, suppress inflammatory processes.
Even Avicenna recommended the use of ground walnuts with honey to treat pulmonary tuberculosis. In ancient times, this fruit was considered a remedy to prevent poisoning by the strongest poisons. To expel pinworms and tapeworms, freshly squeezed oil or dried nuts with wine were given to the patients. Since ancient times in the people use in skin tuberculosis baths with the addition of decoction of walnut leaves. Walnut, namely its bark, dried and turned into a fine powder, has a gentle laxative effect.
Decoction of walnut leaves used for baths in the treatment of rheumatism, gout, rickets, acne, pustules, eczema and mouthwash for sore throats and inflamed gums. An infusion is also used for the same purpose. Ointment prepared from fresh leaves is used externally for wounds and ulcers on the skin. Fresh chopped leaves are also applied to wounds and ulcers to heal them quickly..
