Common oak (Quercus robur L.)
Petiole oak (Q. pedunculata Ehrh).
The petiole oak is a well-known tree in the beech family. There are two types of oak trees - summer oak, whose leaves bloom in April and fall off for the winter, and winter oak, whose leaves bloom in May and remain for the winter. The petiole oak grows everywhere in forests, forest plantations, along ravines and gullies, and occasionally forms oak forests.
The bark, less often acorns, and in folk medicine young leaves and galls of prickly oak (spherical formations on leaves from aphid bites) are used for treatment. The bark contains many tannins, flavonoids, organic acids, phlobaphenes, pectin, sugar, the leaves also contain pentosans and phytoncides, the acorns contain starch, tannins, proteins, fats.
Used in medicine decoction of oak bark as an astringent and styptic agent externally for gargling with inflammation of the mucous membranes of the mouth, pharynx and larynx, bad breath, for lotions and baths for burns, skin diseases, sweating feet. Inside is used less often - in gastrointestinal diseases, internal bleeding, poisoning with mushrooms, alkaloids and salts of heavy metals instead of tannin. Crumbs from fresh fully developed young, but not leathery, leaves are recommended in the form of tampons for trichomonad colpitis. From the acorns of Georgian oak a liquid extract is obtained, which has a sugar-reducing property and is recommended for mild forms of diabetes mellitus.
Externally, decoction of oak bark in the form of lotions, compresses, baths are also used in the treatment of purulent wounds, bedsores, trophic ulcers, lichens, wet eczema, blisters, dandruff, boils, cracked skin and rectum, pyoderma, bleeding hemorrhoids, tuberculosis of the skin, exhaustion in children, for spritzing for bleeding, colpitis and other diseases. Bark powder - for powdering and anti-hemorrhoidal suppositories.
Tea from galls with honey is drunk with pulmonary tuberculosis. Fresh galls, juice, powder and decoction from them are used for diarrhea, burns, eczema, frostbite and other diseases, ointment from them - with tuberculosis of the skin, decoction of bunions (acorn cups) - with bleaching. Alcohol tincture of galls or in a mixture with tincture of iodine - for gum disease, wounds and for lubrication of the chest in pleurisy and pneumonia. Acorns are very nutritious and are used to make a surrogate for coffee. Acorn coffee is used for ulcerative colitis, neuroses, anemia, anemia, rickets, scrofula and heavy menstrual bleeding, powder from them - for bladder diseases and diarrhea, acorn infusion is used for sprinceps. Decoction of oak bark 10% with glycerin is used to strengthen the skin when sweating hands and feet. Decoction of 50-100 g of bark in 1 liter of water is used for foot baths with excessive sweating, as well as with wet eczema, neurodermatitis, urticaria. With skin diseases, burns and general weakening of the body are also used in general baths, for which 400 - 500 g of bark boiled for 30 minutes in 3-4 liters of water and added to the bath. For lotions, spritzing, this decoction is diluted with equal parts of water.
Prolonged use of oak decoction inside is not recommended.
Methods of application:
1. 2 tsp. spoonfuls of bark insist in 0.5 liters of boiling water for 10 hours - 15 ml every 2 hours; or 1 hour. spoonful of bark to insist 8 hours in 0.5 liters of water - half a cup 3-4 times a day before meals with enterocolitis, various bleeding.
2. Decoction of 1 tbsp. spoonfuls of bark in 0.5 liters of water for 2 (5 min or decoction of 40 g of bark in 1 liter of water - 1/2 cup 3- 4 times a day for 20-40 minutes before meals for enterocolitis, various bleeding (E. А. Ladynina, M. А. Nosal).
3. Infusion of 1 tsp. spoonfuls of roasted and finely chopped acorns in 250 ml of boiling water - daily dose or 10% decoction of them - 1 /2 cups 2-3 times a day for chronic colitis (C. А. Tom-ilin).
4. 20% decoction of oak bark or decoction of 4-5 tbsp. spoons of it in 0.5 liters of water for external use and for sitting baths for hemorrhoids and prolapse of the rectum.
5. 5-10% decoction of oak bark, mixed with a suspension of starch in a ratio of 1 : 3 (suspension to decoction) - in diarrhea in children, as well as in dysentery (M. А. Nosal).
6. Ointment of 1 part of condensed decoction of bark and 4 parts of petroleum jelly or butter for skin diseases and burns.
7. Two parts of crushed oak bark, 1 part of black poplar buds (sedge) and 7 parts of cow oil insist overnight in a warm oven, and then boiled over a gentle heat for 30 minutes, strain and squeeze - for sores, wounds (M. А. Nosal).
Flowerberry (Xantium strumarium L.)
Zobnik, hedgerow, Ukr.: sheep rep"yah, netreba. The plant is poisonous.
An annual commonly known plant from the aster family with a height of 50-120 cm. Cvfetet in July - August. It grows everywhere as a weed by roadsides, under fences, in clearings, garbage areas and vacant lots.
Here also occurs, although every year less and less often, X. strawberry. spinosum; golden thorn, Ukr.: nechipay-zilla, fearsome thistle - an annual 30-50 cm high. The leaves of pricklypear are white-veined below, with three-divided yellow spines at the base.
For medicinal purposes are used oblique tops of the herb goiter with flowers and fruits, sometimes roots. Both species of the plant have a close chemical composition, similar pharmacological properties and similar uses. Rich in iodine and also contain alkaloids, resins, vitamin C, saponin, glycoside and other substances.
Used in folk medicine decoction of goiter herb inside for thyroid diseases (goiter, thyrotoxicosis), acute respiratory diseases, colds, gastritis, enterocolitis, intestinal colic, diarrhea, dysentery, hemorrhoids, neurosis, epilepsy, bronchial asthma, rheumatism, arthrosis and skin diseases. The whole herb is brewed and drunk as a tea for inoperable cancer.
Flowerberry
H. Г. Kovaleva used the herb of common stucco in thyrotoxicosis in a mixture with other plants. М. А. Garbarets and V. И. Zapadnyuk recommend in epilepsy course of treatment - for three years. In Central Asia, leaf juice is prescribed for bloody diarrhea, hemorrhoids, throat spasms, asthma, seeds are smoked for throat tuberculosis. In the Far East, infusion of fruits is recommended as an analgesic for malignant tumors and for rinsing the mouth with stomatitis (A. И. Schroeter). In Belarus, alcoholic tincture of goiter herb is used.
Decoction of goiter herb or fresh juice from the leaves is used externally in the treatment of scrofula, sore throat, goiter, scabies, scabies, skin cancer, eczema, acne, rashes, child urticaria and fungal skin diseases. Ointment from the fruits, seeds and grass of goiter is used for eczema, psoriasis, pruritic dermatoses, scrofula, boils, carbuncles and pustular skin lesions. Fresh juice is used locally for tumors of the larynx and trachea (I. Л. Blinkoff).
Fresh herb after removing thorns rub and it is smeared on the skin (or ointment on grease from the plant) for eczema, scabies, scabies and scrofula scabs. In this case also take orally 1 cup a day decoction of a tablespoon of goiter herb in 250 ml of water. It should be remembered that strong decoctions of goiter herb and juice can cause burning and burns, so its use requires some caution.
The young leaves of the prickly thorn are edible as salads.
