Joster laxative (Rhamnus cathartica L.)
Krushina laxative, zhostik, ukr.: jostir.
A shrub or small tree of the crucifer family. Joster fruits ripen in August - September and do not crumble for a long time. It grows everywhere in the steppe zone among shrubs, in sparse forests, on dry slopes, and is also cultivated in parks.
Laxative joster - ripe fruits containing anthraquinones (emodin, rhamnocathartin, etc.) are used.), flavonoids, pectin substances, mucus, sugars, gum, leaves contain a lot of vitamin C, the root contains tannins. Laxative joster has a mild laxative effect. It tones and enhances intestinal motor function, but it acts slowly - 10-14 h after its intake. The fruit of the joster has a weaker effect than the bark of the cherry bark. In addition, decoction and infusion of fruits have antibacterial and diuretic properties.
Aqueous extracts from the fruit in experiment strongly inhibit the development of herpes virus (B. Petkov).
Preparations of joaster are used in medicine for chronic constipation, intestinal atony, spastic colitis, hemorrhoids and fissures of the anus.
In folk medicine, joster laxative is used, in addition, in gastritis, colitis with diarrhea, worm infestation, gout, rheumatism, wet cough, anemia, jaundice, cirrhosis of the liver with ascites, tumors, edema, peptic ulcer, heart failure, cardiac dropsy and as a vomiting agent.
Infuse joster fruit on 40% alcohol for rubbing in rheumatism (K. Д. Jurkiewicz). Joster fruit can be consumed fresh 10-15 pieces on an empty stomach. Raw fruits work better than dried fruits.
В. В. Karhut recommends raw juice of 1 tbsp each. spoonful, and children 1 tsp. a spoonful per appointment. However, this dose is large.
H. И. Solomchenko from the appointment of 1 st. spoonfuls of canned juice in one patient noted severe diarrhea that lasted for three days. Н. И. Solomchenko prepared new medicinal forms from the fruit of joaster - juice and syrup, which were effective in most of the 50 patients suffering from chronic constipation.
Д. Yordanov recommends syrup from the infusion of fruit and sugar equally of each, 1-2 tbsp. spoonfuls at bedtime.
Decoction of fruits and branches are used externally for mouthwash, rinsing for skin diseases (eczema, etc.).), festering wounds, scabs, and joster fruit, crushed to powder and infused with vinegar - with scabies. In chronic skin diseases use the juice of the fruit internally.
Methods of application:
1. Infusion of 1 tbsp. spoonfuls of fruit in 250 ml of boiling water for 2 h - 1/2 cup at night as a laxative.
2. 20 g fruit boiled 20 minutes in 0.5 liters of water, insist 8 - 10 hours - 1 tbsp. spoon 3-4 times a day; or half a cup in the morning on an empty stomach and at night; or 10% decoction of the fruit - 0.5 cup at night as a laxative.
In the northern areas of Donetsk and Luhansk regions is also found alderberry (Frangula alnus Mill), which is widely used in medicine as a laxative in the form of decoction 2 su. spoonfuls of bark (20 g) in 1-2 cups of water - 1/2 cup at night, in the form of extract.
Common St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum L)
Hypericum perforatum, uhr.: hare kryvtsya, svobiy.
St. John's wort is a perennial. The stems are erect, branched at the top, 30 to 100 cm or more tall. Flowers are golden yellow, numerous, in inflorescences at the top of twig stems. It blooms in June through August. When the leaf is viewed in the light, it is mottled with numerous translucent dots. It grows everywhere on hills, glades and edges, but especially in places where livestock do not enter (in dry and light forests, along roadsides, between bushes and in forest belts). Grows well in culture when sown under winter sowing.
Common St. John's Wort
The herb is used for medicinal purposes. Contains flavonoids (hyperoside, rutin, quercetin, etc.).), hypericin, many tannins and resinous substances, essential oil, phytoncides, saponins, vitamins C, P, PP, a lot of carotene, traces of nicotinic acid and alkaloids.
St. John's wort is non-toxic. It has multifaceted pharmacological properties: good astringent, anti-inflammatory, styptic, antimicrobial, antispasmodic, analgesic, biostimulant, diuretic, choleretic, disinfectant, anthelmintic, regenerative, sedative, antidepressant, tonic, tonic, tonic-enhancing and photosensitizing (i.e. increases sensitivity to direct sunlight in white sheep and calves). It is also established that St. John's Wort stimulates appetite, activates digestion, improves heart function, narrows blood vessels, strengthens capillaries, accelerates tissue regeneration, regulates metabolism and stimulates the activity of the glands of internal secretion. In medicine, St. John's wort is used in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidney and externally as a wound-healing agent.
Е. А. Ladynina also uses St. John's wort for myocarditis, endocarditis, cholecystitis, gallstone disease, glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, cystitis, prostatitis, mastitis and vitiligo.
In Bulgaria it is used in capillarotoxicosis, acute glomerulonephritis, atherosclerosis, inflammatory and degenerative diseases of veins (V. Petkov).
In the USSR, the preparation peflavit, which strengthens capillaries, was obtained. Kursk Medical Institute has developed a method of treatment of patients with infestation with dwarf tsetse by liquid extract and 15% infusion of St. John's wort herb. The infusion is administered to children aged 1-7 years from 90 ml to 150 ml 3 times a day for 3 days, followed by giving a laxative. The course of treatment consists of 3 cycles with 10-12 day breaks. A new drug hypericoidin for thyroid disease has been proposed.
Н. И. Solomchenko noted a positive result of treatment in the majority of 26 patients with chronic gastritis after treatment with 10% infusion of St. John's wort herb 100 ml 3 times a day before meals for 1-2 months. In the gastroenterology department of the regional clinical hospital named after M.V. Gorky. М. И. Kalinina studied the effect of oil tincture of raw herb St. John's wort in 20 patients with peptic ulcer disease of the stomach and duodenum, which was prescribed 1 tbsp. a spoonful in the morning on an empty stomach, 1 hour before lunch and 2 hours after dinner for 2 months. Good immediate result of treatment was noted in 15 patients, and in three patients it was possible to obtain information about the long-term results of treatment - no recurrence of the disease was noted 10-13 years after treatment. In the gastroenterology department of the regional central clinical hospital the efficacy of this drug was studied in 30 patients with chronic catarrhal and erosive-ulcerous procto-sigmoiditis. After a preliminary cleansing enema, the patients were administered 50 ml of the drug in warm form daily in a micro enema at bedtime, which the patients retained for 1-2 hours or more. After a 10-15 day course of treatment, the majority of patients had a positive treatment result.
Н. И. Solomchenko in 13 children of primary school age from the Gorezsky orphanage, suffering from nocturnal urinary incontinence, used 10% infusion of St. John's wort herb 1 cup at night or a teaspoon of tincture 3 times a day for 2-3 weeks. A positive result of treatment was noted in 9 patients.
Н. И. Solomchenko together with doctor V. А. Podrazhansky in the surgical department of the medical unit of the Krasnaya Zvezda mine (Krasnaya Zvezda). Torez) noted a good wound-healing effect of 20% decoction of raw St. John's wort herb in sunflower oil in 15 patients suffering from long non-healing wounds and trophic ulcers of the shins. The method of preparation and treatment was as follows: 100 g of fresh St. John's wort leaves and flowers were boiled for 30 min on low heat in 600 ml of fresh sunflower oil. After cooling, the decoction was filtered, sterilized and the patients made bandages with it 1-2 times a day for 3-4 weeks.
Long-term observations show that in patients with enterocolitis better astringent effect has an alcohol tincture of St. John's wort in a large dose (5-10 ml per reception) than aqueous infusion.
St. John's wort is especially popular in folk medicine, which is considered an herb for ninety-nine diseases. As without flour you cannot bake bread, so without St. John's wort you cannot cure many diseases (M. А. Nosal). It is used in cough, hemoptysis, internal bleeding, pulmonary tuberculosis, hyperacid gastritis, peptic ulcer, acute and chronic enterocolitis with diarrhea, ulcerative colitis, hemorrhoids, dysentery, flatulence, choking, heart pain and cardiac weakness, dropsy, liver disease, gallbladder disease, gallstone disease, jaundice, kidney disease, cystitis, enuresis, urolithiasis, diabetes, anemia, malignant neoplasms, and roots - in dysentery and bone tuberculosis. The leaves or herb of St. John's wort are used as a surrogate for tea in the home.
Academician V. Г. Drobotko and his students in Kiev from St. John's wort obtained plant antibiotics - imanin and novoyimanin, which act destructively on more than 40 species of microbes. They are used as a wound-healing agent externally in surgical, gynecological, dental and otolaryngological practice, as well as for inhalation in bronchitis, pneumonia and other diseases.
Externally used and other medicinal forms of St. John's wort (infusion, decoction, tincture, juice, oil, ointment) - for diseases of the mucous membranes of the mouth, throat and skin (wounds, ulcers, sores, trophic ulcers, burns, boils, rashes, allergies, acne, seborrhea and other diseases). Baths are used for diseases of the joints, muscles, hemorrhoids, scrofula and diathesis in children. Hot compresses of decoction of St. John's wort applied - for wounds and bruises. Ointment of herb powder with the addition of turpentine rub joints. Primoches from the decoction or St. John's wort oil - for bruises of the chest and back. Hot decoction of the herb for spritzing 2 times a day and St. John's wort oil - for tampons are used for gynecological diseases.
St. John's wort tincture is part of Capsitrin, used externally for myalgia and sciatica. A strong infusion of the herb or tincture is used to strengthen the gums and eliminate bad breath.
There are several methods of preparing the so-called St. John's wort oil:
1. 1 part of flowers or herbs pour 2 parts of vegetable oil, insist for two weeks or more in a dark place at room temperature, occasionally shaking.
2. 1/2 cup powder of St. John's wort herb insist 3 weeks in 1 cup of sunflower oil, or 100 g of herb insist in 0.5 liters of vegetable oil 1 h on a water bath and a few hours in a warm place, then squeeze and strain.
3. 500 g of flowering tops of St. John's wort insist 3 days in 1 liter of vegetable oil and 0.5 liters of white wine, then the wine is evaporated (C. А. Tomilin).
4. 0.5 kg of fresh flowers with leaves of St. John's wort, finely chopped, insist in 1 liter of fresh sunflower oil for 3 weeks.
Methods of application:
1. 5-10% infusion of herbs - 1/3-1/2 cup 3 times a day for gastritis, hepatitis.
2. 20% alcohol tincture of herbs - 1/2-1 tsp. spoonful 3 times a day for enterocolitis.
3. 20% oil tincture of St. John's wort - 1 tbsp. spoon 3 times a day for peptic ulcers and for external use.
М. Polakowska does not recommend being in the sun after taking large doses of St. John's wort preparations: causes skin burn..
