Dandelion medicinal (Taraxacum officinale Wigg)
Ukr.: kulbaba zwichajna.
Medicinal dandelion is a weedy perennial plant of the aster family. It blooms from spring to fall. Medicinal dandelion grows everywhere in the fields, meadows, fields, gardens, vegetable gardens, near housing. Raw material reserves are large.
In medicine, the roots are used, in the home - and the herb with flowers. Medicinal dandelion contains a white colored milky juice in all organs. Roots contain triterpenes, inulin (up to 40%), sterols, choline, nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, rubber, resins, organic acids, inflorescences and leaves contain carotene, flavonoids, flavoxanthin, salts of potassium, iron, phosphorus, calcium and vitamins P, C, B2.
Dandelion medicinal - in medicine is used as a bitter, stimulating appetite and increasing the secretion of digestive glands, as well as for constipation, liver and biliary tract diseases. А. Я. Hubergritz in the clinic in many patients noted a good choleretic effect of dandelion preparations.
In folk medicine dandelion medicinal has long been considered a "life elixir" and used to treat many diseases: anacid gastritis, peptic ulcer, enterocolitis, dyspepsia, flatulence, intestinal atony, kidney disease.
In Bulgaria, dandelion leaves are believed to have a choleretic and the roots a choleretic effect (V. Petkov). In Russia use alcoholic tincture of roots for stomach aches, and flowers - with rheumatism, decoction of dandelion flowers - with hypertension, jaundice and liver disease, decoction of dandelion grass - to prevent miscarriage. Juice from the leaves drink atherosclerosis, anemia, worms, avitaminosis C, skin diseases, milky juice - 1 drop in the eye for trachoma and eyesore (cit. By E. Д. Jurkiewicz).
Dandelion is also used internally and externally for furunculosis, eczema and skin rashes. Dandelion herb decoction lotions, juice or ointment are also used for freckles, pigment spots on the skin, urticaria, medicated dermatitis, acne, burns and bee stings. The best action for burns has an oil tincture of dandelion root. To remove warts and calluses, they are repeatedly smeared with milky juice from a freshly plucked plant. In eye diseases apply lotions from the decoction of the herb. In some places an ointment of powdered root and honey is used for eczema. Dandelion flowers are insisted on alcohol or cologne and used for rubbing joints.
Roots of dandelion and burdock 15 g insist overnight in 3 cups of water, boiled for 7 minutes, insist 20 minutes, take 1/2 cup 3 times a day for eczema (M. А. Nosal).
In France, a salad of dandelion leaves, citric acid and vegetable oil is used to prevent and treat atherosclerosis.
Young dandelion leaves are poured cold salted water for 30 minutes to eliminate bitterness, and then used in salads with other vegetables, make seasonings for meat and fish dishes, added to soup and soup. Dandelion roots are pre-boiled in salted water for 6-8 minutes. Pickling summer leaves. Unopened flower buds are added to vegetable dishes, sauteed vegetables, vinaigrettes, eaten instead of capers. The flowers are used to make jam and syrup, and the roasted roots are used to make a coffee surrogate.
It is not recommended to collect medicinal dandelion within the city limits, as it accumulates lead and other harmful substances.
Methods of application:
1. 1 Art. spoonful of roots or herbs dandelion insist in 0.5 liters of boiling water (in a thermos) 8-10 hours - daily rate in 3 receptions for 20-40 minutes before meals for gastritis, colitis, hepato-cholecystitis (E. А. Ladynina) .
2. Decoction of dandelion root 10% - 250 ml 30 min before meals as a choleretic (C. А. Tomilin).
3. Fresh or preserved alcohol juice from the leaves and root of dandelion - 15 ml 2-3 times a day before meals for 3-4 weeks; or a day to 50-100 ml as an expectorant, blood purgative.
4. 1 Art. spoonful of dandelion root boiled 5 min. in 400 ml of water, infuse 2 h; or 1 tbsp. spoonful of herb insist in 400 ml of boiling water - 100 ml for 30 min before meals for gastritis, colitis, hepatitis (D. Pamukov).
5. Dandelion root or leaf powder 0.5-1 g (on the end of a knife) - 3-5 times a day; or powder - 5 g a day - for atherosclerosis, take for a long time.
6. 2 Art. spoonfuls of dandelion root boiled for 15 minutes in 300 ml of water (for external use).
7. 1 Art. spoonful of a mixture (equal parts) of dandelion roots, wheatgrass, soapberry and yarrow herb in 250 ml of boiling water to infuse 30 minutes - 250 ml morning and evening atherosclerosis; treatment for a long time (V. В. Karhut).
Horsetail (Symphytum officinale L.)
Honeysuckle, Ukr.: liveliness. The plant is poisonous.
Comfrey is a perennial bushy plant of the borage family, 30-100 cm high, covered with stiff hairs. The root leaves are large, stiff, dark green. The flowers are small, purple, gathered in whorls. Comfrey has a thick rhizome that is black on the outside and white on the inside. It blooms from May through September. Occurs in wet meadows and riverbanks in northern areas of Donetsk and Luhansk regions. It grows well in culture.
On flood meadows and marshy areas grow comfrey Don (S. tanaicense Stev.), comfrey of the Crimea (S. tauricum Willd).
Roots, less often - herb of comfrey, containing a lot of mucus, starch, traces of alkaloids, alantoin, resin, sugars, pectin, mineral salts, organic acids and traces of essential oil, have medicinal use.
In the Caucasus there is comfrey hardy (S. asperum Lepech.), it is successfully cultivated by flower growers near houses. Its chemical composition and medicinal properties are unknown, it is recommended as a good silage and pasture plant for pigs, goats and rabbits, and as a honey bee.
Used in folk medicine for respiratory diseases, chronic cough, influenza, pulmonary tuberculosis, intestinal and bone, gastritis, stomach and intestinal ulcers, colitis, decreased appetite, dysentery, severe diarrhea, less often with constipation, various bleeding (internal, uterine and nasal), kidney disease, joints, brucellosis, paralysis, sciatica, various tumors and externally in diseases of the oral mucosa and skin, hemorrhoids and thrombophlebitis.
Е. Д. Lobanova (d. Torez) reports a good expectorant effect, including in bronchial asthma tincture of 60 g of comfrey root in 0.5 liters of 40% alcohol (insist 10 days) - 15 ml 3 times a day.
М. А. Nosal appointed infusion of 40 g of comfrey root in 1 liter of hot milk (stew in the oven for 6-7 hours, but do not boil), alternating for 6-7 days with the reception of crushed into a powder of dry or in a crumbled raw root, mixed with 1-2 parts of honey - 1 tsp. each. a spoonful three times a day. Tincture of the root on wine is used for respiratory diseases.
Decoction (infusion) of the root and syrup (especially for children) is used for gargling in sore throat, pharyngitis, paradontosis, stomatitis and toothache. Infusion of roots in the form of lavage, lotions, baths or compresses of steamed roots in pure form used for hard-to-heal purulent and deep wounds, ulcers, severe bruises, hemorrhoids, burns, chafing, bone fractures, periosteum damage, osteomyelitis, skin abscesses and inflammation of veins.
When hardening glands, mastitis, hidradenitis ("bitch's udders"), boils, furunculosis, joint sprains, bruises, fractures and tuberculosis of bones apply crushed raw or dried comfrey root or make poultices from the root boiled into a mush in water, milk or beer, as well as take a tincture or infusion inside. Fresh and bleeding wounds are poured with juice from the root or sprinkled with powder from the root. Apply lotions, compresses from the infusion of comfrey root, as well as alcohol tincture or ointment used for rubs for gout and rheumatoid lesions of the joints. Fresh juice of the plant or root powder is drawn into the nose, on a absorbent cotton inserted into the nose with a runny nose and nosebleeds or moisten tampons in the decoction and inserted into the nostrils.
Peeled young stems and leaves of comfrey are used in spring in salads, soups, borscht, as seasonings and dressings.
In Poland, the roots are used to make jam - an excellent remedy for catarrh of the upper respiratory tract, especially for dry coughs (M. Polakowska).
Methods of application:
1. 2-3 ч. spoonfuls of comfrey root insist 6-7 hours in a warm place in 250 ml of boiled water or hot milk, drink 1-2 cups a day as an expectorant.
2. 2 ч. spoonfuls of comfrey root insist 8 hours in 1.5 cups of water, the infusion is drained and the root is re-poured 1 cup of boiling water, after 10 minutes strain and mix both portions of the infusion, take sips every 2 hours during the day for peptic ulcer disease (D. Yordanov et al.).
3. 1 Art. spoonful of comfrey root cook 5 minutes in 0.5 liters of water, infuse 1 hour - 100 ml 4 times a day before meals for bronchitis, gastritis, ulcerative colitis (D. Pamukov).
4. 20% tincture of comfrey root in 40% alcohol - 20-40 drops 4-5 times a day as #Z (D. Yordanov).
5. Z Art. spoonfuls of comfrey root pour 0.5 liters of water and heated over low heat for 30 minutes in a closed bowl, without bringing to a boil, insist 4 hours - for baths, washes and compresses.
6. Fresh chopped root or 2 tbsp. spoonfuls of dry comfrey root boiled in 250 ml of water to a mushy state, make poultices on sore places.
7. Crushed raw or dried root is mixed in equal parts with fat or boil this mixture, after cooling add camphor oil (external).
8. Roots comfrey and elecampane 5 g insist in 250 ml of boiling water, add 30 g of sugar syrup - 5-15 ml 3- 4 times a day as an expectorant.
9. Comfrey root, herb motherwort, St. John's wort, St. John's wort, Ivan-da-mary and horsetail - 25 g each, mix; decoction of 1 tbsp. spoonfuls in 250 ml of water - 2 cups a day for kidney and urinary tract diseases.
10. Comfrey root, althea, lubistka, elecampane, herbs celandine, turnip, mint leaves and mother and stepmother - equal parts of each, mix; decoction of 3 tbsp. spoonfuls of the collection in 250 ml of water - 2-3 cups a day for gastritis.
11. Comfrey root - 20 g, althea - 30 g; decoction of 1 tbsp. spoonfuls of the collection in 250 ml of water, drink sips a day - for gastritis.
12. Roots of comfrey, althea, licorice - 20 g each, celandine herb - 10 g, mix, prepare as N9 10 (for peptic ulcer) .
13. Roots comfrey, valerian, althea, licorice, mint and birch leaves, anise fruit - 20 g, herbs St. John's wort and yarrow - 50 g, mix; 2 tbsp. spoonfuls of collection boiled in 0.5 liters of boiling water for 15 minutes, insist, drink 3-4 times for gastritis and peptic ulcer disease (collections № 9 -13 D. Jordapova).
14. Comfrey root, plantain leaves and bearberry, flax seed - 40 g each, herbs shepherd's purse and horsetail - 50 g each; 2 tbsp. spoon collection boiled 5 minutes in 0.5 liters of water, insist - 100 g 4 times a day before meals for nephritis.
15. Comfrey root, flax seed, marigold flowers and grass ergot - 50 g each, elecampane root - 40 g, aira root and elderberry flowers - 30 g each; 2 tbsp. spoonfuls of collection boiled for 5 minutes in 400 ml of water, 100 ml 3 times a day before meals for nephritis (collections № 14 and 15 D. Pamukova).
16. Comfrey root, St. John's wort herb, motherwort and violet tricolor - 1 part each, mix; or comfrey root, black elderflower and horsetail herb - equal parts of each, mix; or comfrey root and herb goldenseal - 1 part each, mix; 2 tbsp. spoonfuls of one of the 3 collections, insist in 0.5 liters of boiling water, take 1/2 cup 2-3 times a day for acute and chronic pyelonephritis, and the last collection - in urolithiasis (V. Kukes, N. Abashina).
The plant can cause poisoning, so it should be taken with caution..
