Koch, and in 1880 isolated from the purulent contents of a furuncle by L.
Pasteur and has been described as the culprit of many purulent processes.
Staphylococci are microorganisms that multiply on human mucous membranes and skin.
Staphylococcus aureus bacterium is so structured that its wall causes allergic and inflammatory reactions, has the ability to immobilize phagocytes and neutralize immunoglobulins.
The enzymes that the microbe secretes break down cell structures and neutralize many antibiotics.
Among other things, staphylococci produce so-called hemolysins, substances that can cause serious damage to red blood cells, red blood cells.
Hemolysins also negatively affect the condition of white blood cells, as well as many other cells in the human body.
The product of staphylococci are the strongest toxins, the most detrimental effect on the human immune system.
One of these toxins, exotoxin, causes hemolytic and necrotic effects on tissues.
Staphylococci are inherently very resistant bacteria.
They tolerate freezing, drying, exposure to a variety of chemicals, sunlight, etc.
For example, in dried form, staphylococcus remains viable for 6 months, in ordinary dust - from 50 to 100 days.
Freezing and thawing also does not kill staphylococci.
These microbes are not killed by hours of exposure to sunlight.
In addition, Staphylococcus aureus remains viable for one hour even when heated to 70°C.
If the temperature
If the temperature is raised slightly, e.g. to 80°C, the staphylococci will be killed in about an hour.
But in boiling water (100° C) they die instantly.
However, not all types of staphylococcus are so easy to defeat.
For example, Staphylococcus aureus can break down hydrogen peroxide and survive in any solution of sodium chloride - table salt.
Staphylococcus aureus bacterium also feels good in human sweat glands.
It produces an enzyme called lipase, which breaks down the sebum at the mouth of the hair sacs.
Thus, Staphylococcus aureus penetrates the sebaceous gland in almost 100% of cases leads to pustules on the skin - furuncles, carbuncles, barley and so on.
Symptomatology of staphylococcal infection
The staphylococcus bacterium in the human body reduces immunity.
Staphylococci cause a number of lesions characterized by pus formation: hidradenitis, panaricitis, osteomyelitis, periostitis, furunculosis, folliculitis, dermatitis, pneumonia, dermatitis, pyoderma, appendicitis, meningitis, cholecystitis, silicosis and others.
These bacteria provoke secondary infection in diseases such as influenza, smallpox, wound infections, and postoperative suppuration.
Staphylococcal sepsis and staphylococcal pneumonia in children are considered the most formidable.
Staphylococci also play a major role in mixed infections.
Often they are found in purulent wound secretions together with streptococci.
They can neighbor with pathogens of tuberculosis, sore throat, flu, influenza, acute respiratory viral infections, acute respiratory infections, diphtheria, actinomycosis and many other bacteria.
Staphylococcus aureus penetration is promoted by minor injuries, cuts, abrasions, regular violation of personal hygiene, as well as stress, unbalanced diet, hypovitaminosis, etc.
Staphylococcus aureus is considered the most dangerous of the bacteria.
It produces a specific enzyme called coagulase.
Once in the vascular bed, the latter leads to abnormal blood clotting.
Thus, microbes are inside a kind of microthrombi, which causes either sepsis or purulent inflammation of the affected organ, up to inflammation of bone tissue - osteomyelitis.
From the surface of the skin staphylococcus bacteria penetrate into the mammary glands and cause purulent mastitis.
From the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract, the microbe is able to enter the ear cavity or maxillary sinus or, in a downward pathway, the lungs.
In the first case, the patient has otitis media, in the second - maxillary sinusitis, and in the third - inflammation of the lungs.
Even the products of staphylococcus aureus are strong poisons that cause dangerous diseases in humans.
One of the toxins, exfoliatin affects mostly children in the first few months of life.
It leads to the development of what is known as scalded baby syndrome - neonatal vesicular vesicles.
The same toxin provokes toxic shock in women, which was described in Russia in 1980, when hygienic tampons were still a novelty and not everyone knew how to use them.
The most common pathological condition caused by staphylococcal toxins is food poisoning.
The fact is that about Staphylococcus aureus is able to release enterotoxin - poison, which is accompanied by symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain.
Staphylococcus aureus bacteria can multiply in many food products - meat and vegetable salads, butter creams, canned goods, etc.
As a result, enterotoxin accumulates in the food, provoking severe poisoning.
Staphylococcus species are diverse, and it is not uncommon for infection to be caused by more than one strain of this multifaceted microbe.
