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Common faggot is distributed almost all over the territory of the former USSR, except the Far North. Grows along riverbanks, meadows, meadow steppes, fallow fields, along roads, near dwellings.
The flower baskets of fenugreek, collected at the beginning of flowering without pedicels, are used. The smell of dried flowers when rubbed camphoric, the taste is spicy, bitter.
Chemical composition
.The flower baskets of fagus contain the bitter substance tanacetin, essential oil (up to 0.3%) with the presence of left-rotating camphor, borneol and ketontouillon, organic acids, flavonoids, ascorbic acid (up to 8 mg%), tannins, traces of alkaloids, terpenes. The leaves have up to 12 mg% ascorbic acid.
Action and application
.In experimental hepatitis, common fir increases secretion and reduces the mucus content of bile. Along with this tonifies the muscles of the gastrointestinal tract and increases its secretion. Judging by experiments on animals, an infusion of the inflorescences of faggot increases the amplitude of heart contractions, slows the heart rhythm, increases blood pressure, increases bile secretion. The essential oil has a pronounced anthelmintic and antimicrobial effect, but is highly toxic.
According to some authors, 5% infusion of baskets of pyzhma (70-105 ml 2-3 times a day) promotes scarring of gastric and duodenal ulcers.
The high content of tannins in the herb and flowers of fenugreek gives its preparations valuable astringent anti-inflammatory character of action on the skin and mucous membranes, according to the observations of Prof. M.A. Kuznetsov. Д. Д. Yablokova (1948).
Inflorescences of pyzhma in the form of powders or water infusions are used for ascaridosis and pinworms, liver diseases (hepatitis and angiocholitis), enterocolitis, gastritis with decreased secretion of gastric juice and slow evacuation. Fenugreek preparations are not recommended for pregnancy.
In Bulgaria, the flower baskets of pyzhma are used as an antiseptic, antispasmodic and anthelmintic, the effect of which is due to thujone. It is recommended in small doses for digestive diseases.
In Bulgarian folk medicine, common sawdust is used for nervous disorders, stomach cramps, inflammation of the bladder and kidneys, kidney stone disease, headaches, gout, malaria and others.
In France, the inflorescences of fir are used as an anthelmintic, antiliver, excitatory, tonic, antiseptic, gastrointestinal and causing menstruation means: 5 g inflorescences brew 1 liter of boiling water, take 1-2 times a day on an empty stomach.
The inflorescences of fiddleheads were used in winemaking. Such wine is useful for rheumatism: 50 g of inflorescences insist for 8 days in muscat wine, take 30-40 g after two main meals.
The flower baskets of fenugreek are an official raw material in the Soviet Union, Belgium, France and Portugal (Klan, 1948).
Infusion of flowers of fiddlehead in small therapeutic doses is harmless.
To give a more effective anthelmintic action inflorescence of pejama Leclerc recommends combining with dried flowers of wormwood, chamomile inflorescence in equal parts: 8 g of the mixture of these plants brewed 250 ml of boiling water, insist, cooled, filtered and recommended in enemas.
In folk medicine, common sawdust has long been used for fevers, as an anthelmintic, for intoxication caused by pulmonary tuberculosis, gastrointestinal diseases, jaundice and low acidity. In Siberian folk medicine, the leaves and flowers of firkin were used for headaches, gout, rheumatism, jaundice, sprains and wounds, and epilepsy. In the middle zone of Russia, in the past, the grass of fir grass was used to cover meat carcasses to preserve the meat.
American authors report that common fiddlehead fir was widely used by the first settlers of North America as an aromatic preservative and medicinal plant. Fir leaves replace cinnamon and nutmeg and are used in the United States to flavor liqueurs and preserve meats. According to some English authors, the leaves also have a pleasant ginger flavor and are used in food to flavor salads, puddings and muffins.
Common sawdust (oblong tops with inflorescences) we use in small doses as an anti-inflammatory, increasing bile secretion, anthelmintic, as well as in gastritis with low acidity, diseases of the liver, gallbladder and bile ducts..
