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Widespread in almost the whole territory of the USSR, except for the Far North. Jatryshnik spotted grows in wet meadows, forest edges, in forest glades, between bushes.
Young tubers are used, called salep tubers, collected at the end of flowering of the plant, in July - August. The word salep is from the Arabic name for the root "salab". In terms of shape, there are two types of salep: round - 1 -1.5 cm thick, which is considered the best, and finger-shaped, characterized by a smaller thickness (0.5-1 cm).
Chemical composition
.Salep tubers contain mucilage (up to 50%), starch (up to 31%), dextrin (up to 13%), sugars (11%), protein substances (5%), mineral salts, small amounts of resin, and bitter substances.
Action and application
.Jatryshnika spotted has an enveloping effect due to the presence of large amounts of mucilage, starch, and pectin substances. It is used in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, gastritis, enteritis, diarrhea, dysentery, especially in children; in acute and chronic bronchitis, poisoning by some poisons.
In Bulgaria, tubers of yatryshnik used as a good enveloping anti-inflammatory agent for acute and chronic respiratory diseases, gastrointestinal catarrh, dysentery, especially in young children in the form of infusion: 3 g to 250 ml of boiling water, insist 15 minutes, drink should be hot with diarrhea, children are given in cold.
In Austrian medicine, salep tubers are used for gastrointestinal diseases, gastritis, diarrhea. Salep preparations are valuable because of the presence of mucilaginous substances and are especially used in pediatric practice. Prepared by pharmacies.
In Poland, salep tubers are also widely used for diseases of the stomach, intestines and respiratory organs.
Yatryshnik tubers were included in the State Pharmacopoeia of the USSR in 1961.
In domestic folk medicine, a decoction of salep root is used for stomach ailments, diarrhea, chest pain and women's diseases. In Armenia, they have long been used to treat the liver and as a remedy to improve blood composition.
Salep tubers are used to make soups, jellies, and dough.
Tubers of yatryshnika spotted have a pronounced enveloping property, thanks to which inflamed tissues are protected from excessive irritants. For this purpose we used it in gastric and duodenal ulcer, ulcerative colitis, in dystrophy, emaciation, after prolonged illnesses.
It is prepared as follows: 1 part of salep powder is mixed with 9 parts of cold boiled water and 90 parts of hot water, shaken for a long time. The resulting gelatinous mass should be consumed 1 teaspoon 3 times a day along with porridge, broths, milk and other foods. The mass has no taste or odor. In children, the dose should be reduced according to age. This remedy is reasonable to use in pediatric practice, in surgery, in ear, throat and nose clinics (especially for "tube" patients).
From 1919-1921.During the Great Patriotic War, when there was a lack of nutrition, and some people had dystrophy, in our family and in the families of close friends yatryshnika spotted has been invaluable..
