The large plantain (Plantago major L.)
Poputnik, Ukr.: poriznik, rannik, babka.
Plantain large is a well-known perennial plant from the plantain family. It blooms from May through September. Big plantain grows as a weed near roads, meadows, fields, vegetable gardens, wastelands, clogged areas, forest edges, river banks and yards. There are more than 10 species of plantains in the Donbass. For medicinal purposes plantain plantains big and fleabane (cultivated) are harvested.
Plantain leaves are harvested during flowering, when they are fully bloomed, but most often in May - June, while they are not yet covered with white spots (fungal infestation). Cut only the marginal leaves of the plantain. The entire rosette should not be cut off and ripped out by the root. Plantain grass and seeds are also used in the home.
Plantain leaves contain: mucus (up to 10%), glycoside aucubin, vitamins C, K, carotene, phytoncides, flavonoids, organic acids, bitters, pectins, traces of alkaloids, factor T, which helps stop bleeding, the seeds contain a lot of mucus (up to 44%), fatty oil, saponins and other substances.
In medicine, the drug plantaglucid and plantain juice (a mixture of equal volumes of juice of both plantains, preserved with alcohol) are used in hypoacid gastritis, chronic colitis (with constipation), peptic ulcer without acidity (during exacerbation and to prevent relapses), chronic cholecystitis, toxicosis of pregnancy. Infusion of plantain leaves - in respiratory diseases.
Big Plantain
Н. П. Kovaleva and E. А. Ladynina recommend plantain large also for ulcerative colitis, enterocolitis, hypertension and atherosclerosis, kidney disease, and infusion of plantain with nettle in equal parts as a very effective remedy for bleeding - nasal, uterine and hemorrhoidal.
When brewing plantain seeds, mucus is obtained, which is used in inflammation of all mucous membranes except the urinary tract (I. Л. Pancakes), and also for constipation. Plantain seeds are included in the laxative drug angiolax.
The effects of plantain juice were studied in hospitals in the city. Kramatorsk in 25 patients with chronic hypoacid gastritis and most of them showed positive effect after 1-2-month course of treatment.
Н. И. Solomchenko applied 20% oil tincture of raw plantain leaves in microclysms in 30 patients with chronic proctosigmoiditis and in 24 of them noted a good anti-inflammatory and wound-healing effect of the drug.
In folk medicine, plantain is very popular for whooping cough, bronchial asthma, pulmonary tuberculosis, diarrhea, inoperable internal cancer, fever, spastic colitis, urticaria.
At inoperable cancer of the stomach and lungs use a mixture of crushed fresh plantain leaves with an equal amount of sugar, insist in a warm place for 2 weeks - 15 ml 3-4 times a day for 20 minutes before meals (N. Г. Kovalev). Others take a decoction of plantain leaves in this case without any special norm. Decoction of plantain inflorescences is used for abdominal pain.
In Bulgaria, plantain seeds are used for flatulence, stomach and intestinal ulcers, kidney and gallbladder stones, children's diarrhea. In tuberculosis use decoction of the root - 4 tbsp. spoons of it are boiled for 20 min in 800 g of water, then add 4 tbsp. spoonfuls of leaves and still boil 5 min, after cooling strain and add 0.5 kg of honey - take 50 g 3 times a day after meals (D. Pamukov). Others recommend a decoction of plantain root for bowel and bladder disease. Decoction of seeds is taken with hemoptysis, ulcerative colitis, plantain leaf juice - with bronchial asthma.
Fresh juice of plantain leaves is mixed with an equal amount of honey or leaves poured with sugar, similar to the leaves of mother and stepmother, take 15 ml 3 times a day.
As a tonic used infusion of 15 g of plantain leaves in 1.5 cups of boiling water - 25 ml 3 times a day for 15 minutes before meals. Plantain seeds are also used for dysentery and chronic diarrhea - 2 tbsp. spoonfuls of them shaken in 100 ml of boiling water for 10 min and drunk together with the seeds in one go.
Some doctors in chronic achilia recommend 2 tbsp. spoonfuls of seeds whisked in 250 ml of hot water, take after cooling 30 ml 3 times a day. Plantain seeds are used in constipation, as they increase in the intestine 4-9 times, irritate the mucosa and have a laxative effect. They are consumed as a whole 2-3 tsp. spoonfuls at bedtime with soursop or tea. Leaves (fresh or dried), seeds and juice are widely used as an external remedy for cracked nipples, fresh and festering wounds, rashes, ulcers, scrofula, trophic ulcers, crusty feet, dermatitis. Apply fresh plantain leaves or plantain leaves, or cooked porridge of kneaded leaves to wounds, boils, boils, burns, fistulas, wet eczema and lichen, with swelling caused by bee stings and other insects, sometimes over the leaves put a warm compress. 25% decoction (infusion) of leaves is useful for washing purulent wounds and ulcers, for lotions and compresses for inflammation of the eyelids and skin, for mouthwash for stomatitis, gingivitis and other diseases, as well as for enemas and sphincterization. Leaf powder, ointment and alcohol tincture are also used externally for loosening and bleeding gums, toothache.
Methods of application:
1. 5% infusion of plantain leaves - 1/3-1/2 cup 3-4 times a day.
2. Plantain juice (pharmacy or canned 40% alcohol 1:1) - 15-30 ml 3 times a day in 1 3 glasses of water 30 minutes before meals for 2 months for peptic ulcer, gastritis, colitis and for external use.
3. Plantaglucid - 1 /2- 1 ch. spoon in 1 /4 cup of warm water for 20-40 minutes before meals 2-3 times a day for 3-4 weeks, for antiretroviral treatment for peptic ulcer 1 tsp. spoonful 1-2 times a day for 1-2 months.
4. 20% tincture of plantain leaves (pharmacy or home) - 5-10 ml 3 times a day and externally.
5. Plantain seed powder - 1 g 4 times a day for 20-40 minutes before meals for diarrhea; or 15 g of seeds per meal in 200 ml of water for constipation.
6. 1 Art. spoonful of seeds boiled 5 minutes in 250 ml of water, after cooling strain - 15 ml 3 times a day for 1-2 months in female infertility due to hormonal insufficiency and diabetes mellitus (E. Т. Mihailenko).
7. 20% infusion of plantain leaves in vegetable oil - 15 ml 3 times a day for stomach ulcers and intestinal ulcers, as well as for microclysters.
8. 10% ointment of dried leaves or tincture (externally).
9. Infusion of plantain and nettle leaves 2 tbsp. spoonfuls of each in 0.5 liters of boiling water - a daily dose for bleeding.
10. Infusion of plantain and sage leaves 1 tbsp. spoonful of each in 0.5 liters of boiling water - in the first 10 days - 1/3 cup, and then 1/2 cup 3 times a day before meals for 1-2 months for peptic ulcer disease.
11. 25% decoction of plantain leaves - for lotions for conjunctivitis, dermatitis, mouthwash (C. А. Tomilin).
Lancet-leaved plantain
Lanceolate plantain (P. lanceolate plantain) grows in steppe, meadows and grassy places. lanceolata L.), differing from the former by narrow lanceolate leaves and ovate inflorescences. It is close in action to the first and has the same application in folk medicine. Its antimicrobial activity against microbes of wound infections, on hemolytic streptococcus and staphylococcus, Escherichia coli and others is higher than that of plantain (D. Г. Gogoladze). In hemorrhoids use an infusion of 3 plants plantain lanceolate in 1 liter of boiling water - 100 ml 3 times a day before meals..
