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Basket inflorescences and herb without the lower parts of the stem, collected during flowering, are used.
Chemical composition and properties of calendula
The properties of calendula include various medicinal ingredients that help cure many ailments. Inflorescences contain essential oil, bitter substances, phytoncides, saponins, mucilages, large amounts of carotene and other carotenoids, lycopene, flavonoids, organic acids, traces of alkaloids. The green parts of the plant (stems, leaves) contain triterpene saponins, bitters, tannins, while the roots contain triterpene saponins.
Therefore, the properties of calendula are used by many phytotherapists in their health recipes.
According to Bulgarian scientists, the flower baskets of marigold contain enzymes - organic substances that take a specific part in chemical reactions occurring in the body (organic catalysts), which differ from inorganic catalysts in that they are formed in living cells, but manifest their action independently (discovered by Buchner). They are soluble in water, their activity depends on the temperature environment, the optimum temperature is not more than 40°.
The properties of calendula medicinalis are very beneficial for humans.
The effects and treatment of calendula
Treatment with calendula, namely its inflorescences brings anti-inflammatory and disinfectant effect. Experimental studies have established that calendula preparations have a calming effect on the central nervous system, reduce reflex excitability, cause in animals with intravenous administration of lower blood pressure, increased heart activity, increase in the amplitude of heart contractions and slowing of the rhythm. Possess bactericidal property against a number of pathogens, especially staphylococci and streptococci.
When studying the effect of calendula medicinal against protozoa at the chemical factory "Gedeon Richter" in Budapest, it was found that these substances are contained in the volatile fractions of the oil.
Treatment with calendula used in gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, gastritis, diseases of the liver and biliary tract, heart disease, accompanied by rhythm disturbances, hypertension, menopause.
Tincture, infusion, ointment are used to treat purulent wounds, carbuncles, boils, ulcers, burns, light wounds and abrasions, in inflammatory diseases of the mouth, pharynx. KN tablets containing flower powder and nicotinic acid have been suggested as a symptomatic agent in patients with malignant neoplasms (esophageal, gastric, intestinal tumors). Under the effect of tablets on patients with inoperable forms of cancer (especially gastric cancer) there is a decrease in intoxication, elimination of dyspeptic phenomena, improvement of appetite and sleep.
In France, treatment with calendula (inflorescence) is widely used as an antiseptic, wound-healing, diaphoretic, and menstruation-inducing remedy. It is used for ingestion and externally. Externally used fresh calendula juice for impetigo, for washing wounds and ulcers, against bee stings and wasps.
Leclerc recommends the following mixture of medicinal plants for ingestion: calendula flowers, lavender flowers, elderflower, mallow flowers 10 g of each plant; 6-8 g of the mixture brew 200 ml of boiling water, infuse for 15 minutes and add sweet syrup of maple. Take 100 ml 3 times a day before meals.
Compain uses calendula inflorescences as an antispasmodic, stimulant, for avitaminosis C (scorbuta) and against hysteria. He recommends calendula flowers to be taken as an infusion (5 g per 100 ml of water, 3 times a day).
Doctors who treat liver disease with herbs give many recipes for various herbs that include calendula. Thus, Compain recommends choleretic tea from the following plants: green anise - 50 g, green acacia leaves - 50 g, turnip leaves - 100 g, soapberry - 100 g. Take as an infusion 3 times a day.
In Indian Medicine, properties of calendula are used as a stimulant, antiseptic (Chopra et al., 1956). The inflorescences are included in the pharmacopoeia of the Netherlands (Klan, 1948), in the national pharmacopoeial formulary of the USA (Claus, 1956) and in the State Pharmacopoeia of the USSR in 1961.
In folk medicine treatment with calendula, namely its infusion has been used since the time of the Greek physician Dioscorides (I century A.D.). э.) in diseases of the liver and gallbladder, jaundice, spleen diseases, stomach cramps, bladder stones, coughs, hypertension, cardiac neuroses, scrofula, rickets and is especially widely used externally for wounds, cuts, ulcers, diseases of the oral cavity and pharynx, erosions and discharge from the female genital organs (trichomonade) in the form of spritzing, with cracks in the anus.
Food use: uvular flowers (outer) are used for flavoring and coloring cheeses (P. pomacea). Ф. Medvedev, 1957), obtaining a coloring agent for food fats.
Calendula (oblong flowering tops) we use as an anti-inflammatory, disinfectant, antiseptic for liver disease, gastritis, gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, ulcerative colitis and externally with trichomonad colpitis, in collections..
