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Medicinal milkvetch is distributed throughout the European part of the former USSR (except the Far North and north-eastern regions), in the Caucasus, Central Asia, Western Siberia, forest-steppe and steppe zones. It grows in dry steppes, fallow fields, on fallow lands, along roads, sometimes forming thickets. Cultivated in a number of countries in Asia and America since the XVIII century, in the USSR cultivated recently for the needs of the liquor industry.
Used oblique tops of the herb of melilot with flowers, collected in the early flowering period. The odor of medicinal melon has a pleasant, the taste is salty-bitter.
Chemical composition and beneficial properties of milkvetch
Useful properties of melilot are used in phytotherapy for the treatment of various ailments. Coumarin (0.4%), coumaric acid, coumaric acid, melilotin, melilotic acid, melilotoside glycoside, purine derivatives, fat-like substances (up to 4.3%), and essential oil (about 0.01%) were found in the herb.
An essential oil, which includes coumarin, has been found in the flowers (M. И. Goryaev, S. Н. Kudryashov). According to the literature, the beneficial properties of milk thistle are quite high. The flowers contain up to 0.87% coumarin, as well as mucilaginous substances, choline, resinous substances, tannin, and flavone glycoside. In addition to coumarin, the leaves contain melilotolic acid and the oily substance melilotol, which also gives the plant its peculiar aroma.
Effects and treatment with milkvetch
Experimental and cynical studies have established that treatment with milkvetch affects the nervous system. Coumarin depresses the central nervous system, has anticonvulsant and narcotic effects. In patients with leukopenia on the basis of radiation therapy coumarin causes an increase in the number of leukocytes, mainly at the expense of granulocytes, and to a lesser extent lymphocytes. In large doses, treatment with donnik causes negative effects, namely nausea, vomiting, headache, has a paralyzing effect on smooth muscles.
Treatment with milkvetch in Bulgaria is recommended internally in the form of infusion for chronic bronchial catarrhs, bladder and kidney pain, migraines, complaints due to high blood pressure, as well as menopause, etc. Externally in the form of compresses, washes, patches. Useful properties of melilot are used as a mild and analgesic remedy, with boils, carbuncles, purulent wounds, inflammatory processes in the middle ear with discharge (infusion should be boiled) (D. Iordanov et al., 1963).
Useful properties of melilot make it possible to obtain preparations with hypotensive action and have been proposed in Bulgaria for practical application. Recently, it has been found that the extract of the herb extract of the herb Donnica medicinalis when administered orally accelerates the regeneration of rat liver after partial hepatectomy (X. X. Khalmatov, 1964). Externally, the preparation of groundsel is used as an irritant and distraction agent.
Melon leaves are used to make green cheese. In the southern regions of Central Europe, dried flowers and leaves of cultivated melilot are used as a culinary spice.
In France, the treatment with milk melon is recommended as an antispasmodic, astringent and as a good coloring agent.
The herb is official in the Netherlands, GDR, FRG, Poland, Austria and Romania (Klan, 1948).
Useful properties of melilot allow you to make medicinal preparations from it: infusions, decoctions, millet, abscess patch.
Dicoumarol - as an anticoagulant.
In Indian medicine, treatment with milk melon is used as an aromatic, emollient, carminative, carminative and styptic (Chopra et al., 1956).
In Austria, the herb is called "honey clover" and is used in the form of infusion for stomach diseases, bronchitis, as an external remedy in the form of bathes. In the GDR and FRG, the flowering tops of the plant were used. The fresh herb contains the glycoside coumarigenin, from which coumarin is formed when dried. It is used treatment with donnika in bronchial catarrhs, as a decoction as a means of increasing bronchial secretion. Sometimes plasters and ointments are prepared from the herb, which have emollient and scaling-repelling properties for skin diseases.
Taking large doses is not recommended as headache may be induced (Dorfler,k Roselt, 1964).
In Poland, the herb Donnica is used for heart pain, headaches, insomnia, neurasthenia, hemorrhoids and others.
In domestic folk medicine decoction of the herb donnika used as an expectorant for respiratory diseases, it is included in the softening collections, teas and recommended as a sedative, insomnia and flatulence. Externally, infusion of herbs in the form of washings, baths and compresses used for boils, pustules, boils, inflammation of the mammary glands and joint rheumatism. Crushed leaves are applied to tumors and used as a wound-healing agent.
In folk medicine in Bulgaria, the useful properties of melilot are used as a means of calming the nervous system, for headaches, neurasthenia, nervous seizures, as a means of regulating menstrual cycles, diarrhea, boils, festering wounds and subcutaneous hemorrhages.
We use the clustered tops of milk melon as an antispasmodic, analgesic, hypotensive agent. Apply in hypertension, atherosclerosis..
