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Flowers on short pedicels, clustered 6-10. in false whorls, blue-purple, forming an apical spike-like inflorescence. The flowers secrete sweet odoriferous nectar. The whole plant is fragrant. Flowering sage medicinal in June - July. Nektaronos.
Sage is native to Mediterranean countries where it grows on dry mountain slopes. Not found in the former USSR in the wild, cultivated as a medicinal and ornamental plant.
Sage leaves collected during the flowering period are used. The smell of the dried plant is aromatic, especially when rubbed, the taste is bitter-spicy, slightly astringent.
Chemical composition
.Sage leaves contain essential oil (up to 2.5%), which includes cineol, thujone, salven, alkaloids; tannins and bitter substances, ursolic, oleanolic acids and resinous substances, phytolunds, active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Action and application
.Sage leaves have disinfectant, anti-inflammatory, astringent, styptic, styptic, emollient and sweat-limiting properties.
Used in the form of infusion and tincture of leaves for mouthwash, stomatitis, catarrh of the upper respiratory tract, sore throat and gynecological diseases in the form of therapeutic syringes.
In Bulgaria, sage leaves are used as a remedy to limit sweating, have an indication for night sweats in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, women in menopause, as well as a remedy that reduces lactation in nursing mothers; In addition, in gastritis and colitis, peptic ulcer, flatulence, inflammation of the liver and gallbladder in the form of an aqueous infusion (5 g of crushed grass brew 400 ml of boiling water, take 20-30 ml every 3-4 hours). When inflammation of the respiratory tract recommended inhalation of essential oil of sage (1-2 g of oil drop into boiling water and inhale the vapors).
In the GDR sage herb is used widely and extensively as a central nervous system-strengthening agent, for hand tremors, against night sweats, as a remedy to reduce lactation, etc. (Dorfler, Roselt, 1964).
In Poland, sage is also widely used in medical practice as an anti-inflammatory, disinfectant, emollient, astringent and sweat-reducing agent. It is used externally for hair loss.
In France, the herb sage is used as widely as in other countries. The following recipe is recommended for diseases of the nervous system: sage leaves - 5 g, leaves of oak tree - 5 g, boiling water - 50 ml. Take 3 times a day before meals.
Sage wine is also used for medicinal purposes: sage leaves - 80 g, wine - 1 liter. Infuse for 8 days, take 20-30 ml after meals.
In Austria, sage leaves are also used in therapeutic practice; in addition to other active substances, Austrian researchers have found PP-factor and B vitamins, a substance that acts in the same way as estrogenic hormone (follicular hormone).
Doctors have long recognized the antitussive effect of sage, which comes relatively quickly after taking sage tea, or tincture, and reaches a maximum in 2 hours. The inhibition of sweating lasts sometimes all day. Medicinal sage is considered most effective for night sweats in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. It can also be of valuable help to women during lactation. Sage tea, or tincture, taken for a few days as directed by a physician, stops lactation. In addition, in Austria, sage herb is used for stomach and intestinal diseases (tannins), catarrh, sore throat, sore throat, as a pain reliever in the form of gargles. Used sage medicinal in the form of infusion, tincture, powder. This plant should not be taken in high doses, for a long time and without a doctor's instructions, as there may be poisoning and irritation of the mucous membranes. Other varieties of sage are less effective.
In Indian medicine, sage herb is used as an aromatic astringent and tonic (Chopra et al., 1956).
Sage leaves are official in most countries of the world (Klan, 1948), including the former USSR (State Pharmacopoeia of the USSR 1961.).
In domestic folk medicine sage is also highly valued as a medicinal remedy used sage leaves for gastritis, colitis, liver disease, kidney disease, bronchitis, as an expectorant, emollient and diuretic, with tremor paralysis (in this disease sage infusion is recommended to long stew, take inside and make sage baths). The green leaves, dried without stems, are also considered useful for poor memory, night sweats and dropsy. The most widely used sage medicinal in the form of gargles for sore throat, gingivitis, ulcers in the area of the corners of the mouth (especially in children), with mumps and others. It is used in the form of decoction, infusion, tincture, powder. Fresh herb is used externally for tumors.
In domestic folk medicine, sage flower tincture has long been used: 3 ounces of flowers, 800 g of alcohol and 400 ml of water insist for 40 days in the sun in a closed glass vessel. Take 1 tablespoon half and half with water in the morning and on an empty stomach. This tincture is recommended for the elderly to prolong life and stimulate the nervous system. After a year of storage, sage loses its properties.
Ancient physicians Hippocrates, Dioscorides, et al. considered sage to be a "sacred herb" and the most useful medicine, especially for female infertility. In Egypt, after epidemics, women were forced to eat sage to multiply the people sooner. Sage juice with a little salt was recommended for infertility (P. Yengalychev, 1848).
Sage herb collected during the flowering period, according to our observations, has soothing, anti-inflammatory, disinfectant, styptic, emollient, sweat-limiting and lactation-reducing properties. We use it for hypertension, atherosclerosis (especially in the menopausal period in women), shivering paralysis, as well as for medicinal baths, rinses and sprinzhevaniya..
