Stony Boneset
.Boneset boneset is a perennial herbaceous plant of the family Rosaceae with an erect, fruit-bearing stem, 15-30 cm high, with long creeping shoots. The leaves of the boneyard stonecrop have triple, long, petiolate leaves. Flowers are small, white, gathered in a cluster at the top of the stem. The fruits are irregular knuckles with red large pips, sitting more often in small numbers. Stony boneset blooms in May through June. The fruits are edible (Fig. 35).
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Stony boneset is distributed in the European part of the former USSR, except for the southern regions, as well as in Siberia and the Caucasus. Grows in forests and between shrubs.
The above-ground part and fruits are used. The above-ground part is collected during flowering, fruits - during full ripening. Their flavor is sour.
Chemical composition
.Boneset boneset is poorly studied. Ascorbic acid is found in the leaves.
Action and application
.In the scientific medicine of the former USSR, boneset boneset has not been used.
In folk medicine, boneset boneset is used as a remedy against scurvy and hemorrhoids, decoction of branches and berries are used for blenorrhea. Decoction of the plant with rhizomes wash the head with dandruff and to strengthen the hair. Fruits are used for making syrups, morsels, jellies, soursels. The dried and ground fruit serves as a seasoning for food. From the flowers and leaves, a tincture is prepared.
We use the above-ground part of boneset boneset for gout.
Bea nettle
.Dicotyledonous nettle is a perennial herbaceous plant of the nettle family, up to 1.5 m tall. Stem bluntly four-angled, straight, as well as leaves, covered with stinging hairs, leaves subrotate, petiolate, heart-shaped, large-pointed along the edge. Flowers are small, green, collected in branching, spike-like hanging inflorescences. Dicotyledonous nettle blooms from June to August (Fig. 36).
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Dicotyledonous nettle is distributed in the middle belt of the European part of the former USSR, in the Urals, Caucasus, Siberia and Central Asia. It grows in shady moist places, ravines, along roadsides, between bushes, on wastelands, near dwellings.
Leaves collected during flowering are used.
Chemical composition
.The leaves contain ascorbic acid up to 200 mg% (D. Yordanov, 1963), carotene and carotenoids up to 50 mg%, vitamin K, vitamin B2, pantothenic acid, chlorophyll up to 5%, urticin glycoside, gum, essential oil, protein, tannins, protein substances and sugar, iron, calcium, potassium, sulfur, ascorbic acid salts. Nettle seeds have 32.5% fatty oil.
Effects and uses of nettle
The use of nettle for medicinal purposes has long been utilized by healers. The leaves have styptic effect due to the presence of vitamins K, C (B. А. Sophia, E. А. Muravyov, 1965).
Nettle decoction lowers blood sugar. Infusion and liquid extract of nettle dicot increase blood coagulation, increase the percentage of hemoglobin and the number of red blood cells, have vasoconstrictive and pronounced tonic smooth muscle of the uterus action.
Chlorophyll has been reported to have stimulating and tonic effects, increase basic metabolism, increase the tone of the uterus, intestines, cardiovascular system and respiratory center; stimulate granulation and epithelialization of affected tissues. It has been experimentally established that bilberry nettle is able to restore hemoglobin and increase the number of red blood cells to no less extent than iron preparations, and that it has a strong effect on carbohydrate metabolism.
French physicians believe that the use of nettle is effective in acute and chronic enteritis and in diarrhea in patients with tuberculosis (S. Tomilin).
The use of nettle is recommended as a multivitamin, styptic and diuretic in pulmonary, intestinal, renal, uterine bleeding.
According to Bulgarian and German scientists, nettle dicot is used for anemia, arteriosclerosis, muscle and joint rheumatism, dropsy, inflammation of the kidneys and bladder, liver disease, gallbladder, gastrointestinal tract (stomach cramps, vomiting), hemorrhoids, skin diseases accompanied by itching, thrush and as a means of increasing lactation. Tincture is used in first degree burns as an analgesic in the form of a compress. For hair loss, boil 100 g of finely chopped and sieved leaves for half an hour in 500 ml of water mixed half and half with vinegar. Washing your hair before going to bed (D. Yordanov et al., 1962; Bassler, 1957).
Nettle leaf was included in the State Pharmacopoeia of the former USSR in 1961.
In Poland, nettle is used as a styptic for various bleeding remedy, for liver disease, joint rheumatism and externally for hair loss.
In domestic folk medicine, the use of nettle is also recommended as a styptic, antiliver, anti-fever, wound-healing, diuretic. Decoction of nettle leaves is used in pulmonary tuberculosis, bronchitis, malaria, spleen disease, joint pain, diarrhea and for washing the head.
Fresh young nettle herb is used for rubbing in rheumatism and fever. Juice from fresh young leaves is used for liver stones, kidney stones, lung disease, fever and paralysis. Nettle root, boiled with sugar - with "stale" stones. Nettle seed grinded with water is used for the same purpose. Section of fresh nettle replaces abscess patch and is useful in joint rheumatism, sciatica.
Dicotyledonous nettle is widely used as a dietary product. Young leaves and shoots are used to make green soup, while older leaves are fermented as cabbage. In Georgia and Azerbaijan, young nettle leaves are added to spices for cooking national dishes. In Romania, nettles are used to make pilaf.
Foliage flowering nettle tops we use as a multivitamin, styptic agent for kidney disease, dysentery and various bleeding..
